Overview of the events of 1868 in science
The year 1868 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
Chemistry
Medicine
Paleontology
Technology
Awards
Births
January 9 – S. P. L. Sørensen (died 1939 ), chemist .
January 31 – Theodore William Richards (died 1928 ), chemist, recipient of Nobel Prize in Chemistry .
February 7 – Aleen Cust (died 1937 ), veterinary surgeon .
March 15 – Grace Chisholm Young (died 1944 ), mathematician .
March 22 – Robert Millikan (died 1953 ), physicist , recipient of Nobel Prize in Physics .
April 4 – Philippa Fawcett (died 1948 ), mathematician.
April 5 – Percy Furnivall (died 1938 ), surgeon .
April 8 – Herbert Jennings (died 1947 ), zoologist .
April 14 – Annie Russell (died 1947 ), astronomer .
April 28 – Georgy Voronoy (died 1908 ), mathematician.
April 30 – J. B. Christopherson (died 1955), physician .
May 2 – Robert W. Wood (died 1955 ), optical physicist.
June 6 – Robert Falcon Scott (died 1912 ), explorer .
June 14 – Karl Landsteiner (died 1943 ), physiologist .
July 4 – Henrietta Swan Leavitt (died 1921 ), astronomer.
October 23 – Frederick W. Lanchester (died 1946 ), automotive engineer .
November 8 – Felix Hausdorff (died 1942 ), mathematician.
December 9 – Fritz Haber (died 1934 ), chemist.
Deaths
February 11 – Léon Foucault (born 1819 ), physicist.
February 24 – John Herapath (born 1790 ), physicist.
May 22 – Julius Plücker (born 1801 ), mathematician and physicist.
June 25 – Alexander Mitchell (born 1780 ), engineer and inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse .
July 15 – William T. G. Morton (born 1819 ), American dentist.
September 26 – August Ferdinand Möbius (born 1790), mathematician.
December 25 – Linus Yale, Jr. (born 1821 ), inventor.
December 31 – James David Forbes (born 1809 ), physicist, glaciologist and seismologist.
References
^ "The Great French Wine Blight" . Wine Tidings . 96 . July–August 1986. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-01 .
^ Published in Transactions 26 (3) (1870): 497.
^ "Roland Trimen, 1840-1916". Proceedings of the Royal Society B . 91 (641): xviii–xxvii. 1920. doi :10.1098/rspb.1920.0020 . JSTOR 80995 .
^ Ley, Willy (1959). Exotic Zoology . New York: Viking Press.
^ Martin, Megan (2005). "Smith, Maria Ann (1799–1870)" . Australian Dictionary of Biography . Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 2012-01-27 .
^ Kochhar, R. K. (1991). "French astronomers in India during the 17th –19th centuries". Journal of the British Astronomical Association . 101 (2): 95–100. Bibcode :1991JBAA..101...95K .
^ Hampel, Clifford A. (1968). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements . New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 256–268. ISBN 0-442-15598-0 .
^ Coe, Brian (1978). Colour Photography: the first hundred years 1840-1940 . London: Ash & Grant. ISBN 0-904069-24-9 .
^ Enerson, Ole Daniel. "Jean-Martin Charcot" . Whonamedit? . Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-11 .
^ Charcot, J.-M. (1868). "Histologie de la sclerose en plaques". Gazette des Hopitaux . Paris. 41 : 554–55.
^ Killian, Gustvan (1911). "The history of bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy" (PDF) . The Laryngoscope . 21 (9): 891–7. doi :10.1288/00005537-191109000-00001 .
^ Modlin, Irvin M.; Kidd, Mark; Lye, Kevin D. (2004). "From the Lumen to the Laparoscope" . Archives of Surgery . 139 (10): 1110–26. doi :10.1001/archsurg.139.10.1110 . PMID 15492154 . Retrieved 2011-10-17 .
^ Elewaut, A.; Cremer, M. (2002). "The History of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — The European Perspective" . In Classen, Meinhard; Tytgat, Guido N.J.; Lightdale, Charles J. (eds.). Gastroenterological endoscopy . Stuttgart: Thieme. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-58890-013-5 . Retrieved 2010-09-06 .
^ Vilardell, F. (2006). "Rigid gastroscopes" . Digestive endoscopy in the second millennium: from the Lichtleiter to echoendoscopy . Stuttgart: Thieme. pp. 32–5. ISBN 978-3-13-139671-6 . Retrieved 2010-09-06 .