Emperor Annei

Emperor Annei
安寧天皇
Emperor of Japan
Reign549 BC – 511 BC (traditional)
PredecessorSuizei
SuccessorItoku
Born567 BC
Died511 BC (aged 56)
Burial
Unebi-yama no hitsujisaru Mihodo no i no e no misasagi (畝傍山西南御陰井上陵) (Kashihara)
SpouseNunasoko-Nakatsu-hime
Issue
Posthumous name
Chinese-style shigō:
Emperor Annei (安寧天皇)

Japanese-style shigō:
Shikitsuhikotamatemi no Sumeramikoto (磯城津彦玉手看天皇)
HouseImperial House of Japan
FatherEmperor Suizei
MotherIsuzuyori-hime
ReligionShinto

Emperor Annei (安寧天皇, Annei-tennō), also known as Shikitsuhikotamatemi no Mikoto (師木津日子玉手見命) was the third legendary emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Very little is known about this Emperor due to a lack of material available for further verification and study. Annei is known as a "legendary emperor" among historians as his actual existence is disputed. Nothing exists in the Kojiki other than his name and genealogy. Annei's reign allegedly began in 549 BC, he had one wife and three sons. After his death in 511 BC, his second or third son supposedly became the next emperor.

Legendary narrative

Emperor Annei's name appears in both the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki where only his genealogy are recorded. While the Japanese have traditionally accepted this sovereign's historical existence, no extant contemporary records have been discovered that confirm a view that this historical figure actually reigned. Before his accession to the throne, he was allegedly known as Prince Shikitsu-hiko Tamatemi. Shikitsu-hiko Tamatemi was either the eldest son or the only son of Emperor Suizei with Isuzuyori-hime. The Kojiki records that he ruled from the palace of Ukena-no-miya (片塩浮穴宮, and in the Nihon Shoki as 片塩浮孔宮) at Katashiro in Kawachi in what would come to be known as Yamato Province. During Emperor Annei's alleged lifetime, he had one wife named "Nunasokonakatsu-hime [ja]" and fathered three children with her. Annei's reign lasted from 549 BC until his death in 511 BC, his second or third son then took the throne and would later be referred to as Emperor Itoku.

Memorial Shinto shrine and mausoleum honoring Emperor Annei.

Known information

The existence of at least the first nine Emperors is disputed due to insufficient material available for further verification and study. Annei is thus regarded by historians as a "legendary Emperor", and is considered to have been the second of eight Emperors without specific legends associated with them. The name Annei-tennō was assigned to him posthumously by later generations, and literally means "steady tranquillity". His name might have been regularized centuries after the lifetime ascribed to Annei, possibly during the time in which legends about the origins of the Yamato dynasty were compiled as the chronicles known today as the Kojiki. The name "Annei" is first credited to Japanese scholar and writer Ōmi no Mifune, who allegedly came up with the name sometime in the latter half of the 8th century.

While the actual site of Annei's grave is not known, the Emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (陵,misasagi) in Kashihara. The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Annei's mausoleum, and is formally named Unebi-yama no hitsujisaru Mihodo no i no e no misasagi(畝傍山西南御陰井上陵,The royal tomb over the mihodo at the south west of mount unebi) . The first emperor that historians believe might have actually existed is Emperor Sujin, the 10th emperor of Japan. Outside of the Kojiki, the reign of Emperor Kinmei (c. 509 – 571 AD) is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates. The conventionally accepted names and dates of the early Emperors were not confirmed as "traditional" though, until the reign of Emperor Kanmu between 737 and 806 AD.

Family tree

Nunakawahime Ōkuninushi: 278 
(Ōnamuchi)
Kamotaketsunumi no Mikoto
Kotoshironushi Tamakushi-hime Takeminakata Susa Clan
1 Jimmu1Himetataraisuzu-himeKamo no OkimiMirahime [ja]
2 Suizei 2Isuzuyori-himeKamuyaimimi
3 AnneiŌ clanAso clan3 Nunasokonakatsu-hime [ja]Kamo clan
TakakurajiMiwa clan
4 ItokuIkisomimi no mikoto [ja]Ame no Murakumo [ja]
4Amatoyotsuhime no Mikoto [ja]Amaoshio no mikoto [ja]
5 Emperor Kōshō5Yosotarashi-himeOkitsu Yoso [ja]
6 Emperor KōanPrince Ameoshitarashi [ja]Owari clan
6Oshihime [ja]Wani clan
7 Emperor Kōrei 7Kuwashi-hime
8 Emperor Kōgen8Utsushikome [ja]Princess Yamato Totohi MomosoKibitsuhiko-no-mikotoWakatakehiko [ja]
9Ikagashikome
Hikofutsuoshi no Makoto no Mikoto [ja]9 Emperor KaikaPrince Ohiko [ja]Kibi clan
Yanushi Otake Ogokoro no Mikoto [ja]10 Emperor Sujin10Mimaki-himeAbe clan
Takenouchi no Sukune11 Emperor Suinin11Saho-hime [ja]12Hibasu-hime [ja]Yasaka IribikoToyosukiiri-hime [ja]Nunaki-iri-hime [ja]
Yamatohime-no-mikoto
Katsuragi clan13Harima no Inabi no Ōiratsume [ja]12 Emperor Keiko14Yasakairi-hime [ja]
Otoyo no mikoto [ja]
Futaji Irihime [ja]Yamato TakeruMiyazu-himeTakeinadane [ja] Ioki Iribiko13Emperor Seimu
14Emperor Chūai 15Empress Jingū Homuda
Mawaka
15Emperor Ōjin16Nakatsuhime
16Emperor Nintoku


Consorts and Children

  • Empress: Nunasokonakatsu-hime [ja] (渟名底仲媛命), Prince Kamo's daughter (Kotoshironushi's son)
    • Prince Okisomimi (息石耳命)
    • Prince Ōyamatohikosukitomo (大日本彦耜友尊), later Emperor Itoku
    • Prince Shikitsuhiko (磯城津彦命)

See also


This page was last updated at 2024-03-17 12:58 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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