Minister of Police (France)

Minister of Police
Ministre de la Police
Fouché Joseph Duke of Otranto.jpg
Longest serving
Joseph Fouché

Ministry of Police
StatusAbolished
Member ofGovernment
Term lengthNo fixed term
Formation2 January 1796
First holderPhilippe Antoine Merlin de Douai
Final holderCharlemagne de Maupas
Abolished21 June 1853
SuccessionMinister of Interior

The Minister of Police (French: Ministre de la Police) was the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of Police. It was a position in the Government of France from 1796 to 1818, briefly from 1852 to 1853 and no longer exists.

History

The office was created on 2 January 1796 by taking police powers away from the Minister of Interior and giving them to the new Minister of Police. The move was motivated by an apparent overload of the Interior department. The first minister, Philippe-Antoine Merlin, was appointed two days later, as Armand-Gaston Camus refused the office. The most famous minister was Joseph Fouché, whose service spanned over a decade.

It was a major French ministerial position under the Directory, Consulate, First Empire, and Restored Bourbon Dynasty. The position was merged into the Ministry of Interior in 1818, although it was briefly restored by Napoleon III in 1852.

Powers and functions

Officeholders

First Republic

No. Portrait Name Term Government Head of State Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
Ministry established
Armand-Gaston Camus.jpg Armand-Gaston Camus 2 January 1796
12 Nivôse Year IV
4 January 1796
14 Nivôse Year IV
2 days Directory Directory
1 Merlin de Douai par Delpech.jpg Philippe-Antoine Merlin 4 January 1796
14 Nivôse Year IV
3 April 1796
14 Germinal Year IV
90 days
2 Cochon Lapparent Charles.png Charles Cochon de Lapparent 3 April 1796
14 Germinal Year IV
16 July 1797
28 Messidor Year V
1 year, 104 days
3 Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Laroche.jpg Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Laroche 16 July 1797
28 Messidor Year V
26 July 1797
8 Thermidor Year V
10 days
4 Blanco portrait.svg Jean-Marie Sotin 26 July 1797
8 Thermidor Year V
13 February 1798
25 Pluviôse Year VI
202 days
5 Blanco portrait.svg Nicolas Dondeau 13 February 1798
25 Pluviôse Year VI
16 May 1798
27 Floréal Year VI
92 days
6 Le Carlier d'Ardon, vers 1792.jpg Marie Jean François Philibert Lecarlier 16 May 1798
27 Floréal Year VI
29 October 1798
8 Brumaire Year VII
166 days
7 Blanco portrait.svg Jean-Pierre Duval 29 October 1798
8 Brumaire Year VII
23 June 1799
5 Messidor Year VII
237 days
8 Blanco portrait.svg Claude Sébastien Bourguignon 23 June 1799
5 Messidor Year VII
20 July 1799
2 Thermidor Year VII
27 days
9 Joseph Fouché.png Joseph Fouché 20 July 1799
2 Thermidor Year VII
18 May 1804
28 Floréal Year XII
4 years, 303 days
Consulate Napoléon Bonaparte

First Empire

No. Portrait Name Term Government Emperor Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
(9) Fouché Joseph Duke of Otranto.jpg Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante
18 May 1804 3 June 1810 6 years, 16 days Napoléon Napoléon I
10 Robert Lefevre 15.jpg Anne Jean Marie René Savary
Duc de Rovigo
3 June 1810 3 April 1814 3 years, 304 days

Restoration

No. Portrait Name Term Government King Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
11 Jules Anglès 1778-1828.jpg Jules Anglès 3 April 1814 13 May 1814 40 days Provisional Government Louis XVIII
12 Jacques Claude, Comte Beugnot (circle of Louis Hersent).jpg Jacques Claude
Comte Beugnot
13 May 1814 3 December 1814 244 days Restoration

Hundred Days

No. Portrait Name Term Government Emperor Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
13 Fouché Joseph Duke of Otranto.jpg Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante
20 March 1815 23 June 1815 95 days Hundred Days Napoléon I
14 Jean Pelet de la Lozère (1759-1842).jpg Jean Pelet
Comte de la Lozère
23 June 1815 7 July 1815 14 days

Kingdom of France

No. Portrait Name Term Government King Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
15 Fouché Joseph Duke of Otranto.jpg Joseph Fouché
Duc d'Otrante
9 July 1815 26 September 1815 79 days Talleyrand-Périgord Louis XVIII
16 Elie Decazes.jpg Élie Louis
Duc Decazes
26 September 1815 29 December 1818 3 years, 94 days Richelieu

Second Republic

No. Portrait Name Term Government President Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
17 Charlemagne de Maupas (1818-1888).jpg Charlemagne de Maupas 22 January 1852 21 June 1853 1 year, 150 days Napoléon IIIII Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
Ministry disestablished

This page was last updated at 2021-10-25 10:03 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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