Terrell County, Texas

Terrell County
Terrell County Courthouse in Sanderson.
Terrell County Courthouse in Sanderson.
Map of Texas highlighting Terrell County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 30°14′N 102°04′W / 30.23°N 102.07°W / 30.23; -102.07
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1905
Named forAlexander W. Terrell
SeatSanderson
Largest communitySanderson
Area
 • Total2,358 sq mi (6,110 km2)
 • Land2,358 sq mi (6,110 km2)
 • Water0.04 sq mi (0.1 km2)  0%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2015)
837
 • Density0.4/sq mi (0.2/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district23rd
Websitewww.co.terrell.tx.us

Terrell County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 984, making it the eighth-least populous county in Texas, and the 37th-least populous county in the nation. Its county seat is the census-designated place of Sanderson; no incorporated municipalities are in the county. The county was named for Alexander W. Terrell, a Texas state senator. Terrell County is one of the nine counties in the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas. It is the setting for Cormac McCarthy's novel No Country for Old Men, and the Academy Award-winning film adaptation of the same name.

History

Native Americans

Evidence of the indigenous peoples of Terrell County are found on the county's various ranches – arrowheads, tools, burned-rock middens, caves, and shelters containing Indian pictographs. Pieces of reed sandals, baskets, and evidence of burials have been found in the caves. The most pictographs are on cliff walls above Myers Spring near Dryden, overpainting giving to the theory that several Indian cultures were involved.

Early exploration

Capt. José de Berroterán in 1729 commanded an expedition on behalf of Spain to explore from Mission San Juan Bautista up the Rio Grande to the mouth of the Rio Conchos. Berroterán crossed the southern border, where at a spring near Dryden, legend has it that he placed a large wooden cross. Six years later, another Spaniard, Blas María de la Garza Falcón, found the cross while conducting an expedition in the area and named the spot Santa Cruz de Maya. Captain Samuel Highsmith, under the command of John Coffee Hays, crossed the county in 1848 in an ill-fated expedition to open a road from San Antonio to El Paso. In 1851 Army officer and geographer Lt. Nathaniel Michler, working under Major William H. Emory, mapped this portion of the boundary between Mexico and the United States. Under Lt. William Echols in 1859, caravans of the U.S. Camel Corps crossed the county searching for a shorter route to Fort Davis.

County established and growth

In 1905, Terrell County was created by the Texas Legislature by carving about 1,500,000 acres (6,100 km2) out of Pecos County. It was organized the same year. Sanderson became the county seat. In 1881, Texas and New Orleans Railroad surveyors reached the site of present-day Sanderson. Originally named Strawbridge by founder Cyrus W. “Charley” Wilson, the name was later changed in honor of railroad Engineer Joseph P. Sanderson. Charles Downie, a Scot, homesteaded in 1881 and became the first permanent sheepman in the area. Together, the railroad, cattle, and sheep industries were the major economic assets. Ranges were still unfenced. Dryden became a large shipping point for cattle ranchers. Terrell County became one of the biggest sheep and wool producers in the U.S. In 1926, 11,000 lambs averaging $6 per head were sold in one of the largest lamb sales in history. Thousands of pounds of wool and mohair were sold annually through the Sanderson Wool Commission. Dryden, the only town besides Sanderson in the county, was also started in 1882, but is now a ghost town. Judge Roy Bean is said to have operated a saloon at Sanderson. The oil and gas industry became increasingly important to Terrell County's economy after 1957, when the Brown-Bassett gas field was discovered in the northeast part of the county. Only gas was produced until the 1970s, when high petroleum prices encouraged limited oil production, as well. Sanderson was struck by a flood on June 11, 1965, in which 28 people died. Two of them were never found. The Texas State Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 1, 76th Legislature, Regular Session (1999) declared Sanderson and Terrell County the "Cactus Capital of Texas."

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,358 square miles (6,110 km2), virtually all of which is land.

Major highways

Adjacent counties and municipios

National protected area

Climate

Map this section's coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 
Download coordinates as: KML

Most of Terrell County consists of semiarid steppes with 85.7% of the county's area described as having a hot steppe climate (Köppen BSh) and 2.6% having a cold steppe climate (Köppen BSk). The remaining 11.7% of the county experiences a hot arid desert climate (Köppen BWh).

Dryden
Climate data for Dryden, Texas (Jun 1, 1966–Oct 31, 1994)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 60.2
(15.7)
65.0
(18.3)
74.3
(23.5)
82.7
(28.2)
88.8
(31.6)
94.5
(34.7)
95.5
(35.3)
94.8
(34.9)
88.8
(31.6)
79.9
(26.6)
69.2
(20.7)
61.8
(16.6)
79.6
(26.5)
Average low °F (°C) 32.7
(0.4)
36.0
(2.2)
44.0
(6.7)
53.4
(11.9)
61.6
(16.4)
68.6
(20.3)
70.6
(21.4)
69.4
(20.8)
63.8
(17.7)
52.6
(11.4)
41.7
(5.4)
33.8
(1.0)
52.4
(11.3)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.53
(13)
1.03
(26)
0.57
(14)
0.99
(25)
1.75
(44)
1.02
(26)
1.27
(32)
1.85
(47)
2.64
(67)
1.40
(36)
0.74
(19)
0.45
(11)
14.24
(360)
Source: Western Regional Climate Center, Desert Research Institute


Sanderson
Climate data for Sanderson, Texas (Jan 1, 1897–Mar 31, 2013)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 60.8
(16.0)
64.5
(18.1)
72.9
(22.7)
81.5
(27.5)
87.3
(30.7)
92.0
(33.3)
92.6
(33.7)
92.4
(33.6)
86.9
(30.5)
78.8
(26.0)
69.2
(20.7)
61.3
(16.3)
78.4
(25.8)
Average low °F (°C) 31.4
(−0.3)
34.8
(1.6)
42.3
(5.7)
51.7
(10.9)
60.2
(15.7)
67.3
(19.6)
69.4
(20.8)
68.4
(20.2)
62.3
(16.8)
51.4
(10.8)
40.2
(4.6)
32.3
(0.2)
51.0
(10.5)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.46
(12)
0.54
(14)
0.42
(11)
0.79
(20)
1.62
(41)
1.73
(44)
1.42
(36)
1.50
(38)
2.14
(54)
1.49
(38)
0.59
(15)
0.42
(11)
13.12
(334)
Source: Western Regional Climate Center, Desert Research Institute


Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
19101,430
19201,59511.5%
19302,66066.8%
19402,95211.0%
19503,1898.0%
19602,600−18.5%
19701,940−25.4%
19801,595−17.8%
19901,410−11.6%
20001,081−23.3%
2010984−9.0%
2019 (est.)776−21.1%
U.S. Decennial Census
1850–2010 2010–2014

As of the census of 2010, 984 people, 443 households, and 295 families resided in the county. The population density was less than 1/km2 (1/sq mi). The 991 housing units averaged less than 1 per square mile (0/km2). About 84.1% of the population were White, 0.9% Native American, 0.7% Black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 12.3% of some other race and 1.5% of two or more races; 47.5% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

Of the 443 households, 29.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.40% were married couples living together, 7.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.40% were not families. About 31.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the county, the population was distributed as 26.50% under the age of 18, 5.00% from 18 to 24, 23.40% from 25 to 44, 27.50% from 45 to 64, and 17.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $24,219, and for a family was $28,906. Males had a median income of $21,429 versus $15,804 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,721. About 21.20% of families and 25.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.40% of those under age 18 and 31.10% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Census-designated place

Unincorporated community

Ghost town

Politics

County Offices
Judge Dale Carruthers
Attorney Kenneth D. Bellah
Clerk Raeline Thompson
Treasurer Rebecca Luevano
Tax Assessor-Collector Santiago Gonzalez, Jr
Sheriff Santiago Gonzalez, Jr
Justice of the Peace Precinct 1 and 2 Corina Arredondo
Justice of the Peace Precinct 3 and 4 Shelly Cleveland
Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 72.9% 334 26.0% 119 1.1% 5
2016 65.8% 288 32.0% 140 2.3% 10
2012 64.5% 358 33.2% 184 2.3% 13
2008 62.2% 323 35.8% 186 1.9% 10
2004 65.3% 306 33.9% 159 0.9% 4
2000 50.9% 243 45.9% 219 3.2% 15
1996 35.7% 185 53.6% 278 10.8% 56
1992 27.9% 176 51.5% 325 20.6% 130
1988 43.0% 296 56.6% 390 0.4% 3
1984 58.3% 407 41.4% 289 0.3% 2
1980 59.9% 411 37.9% 260 2.2% 15
1976 49.4% 317 50.0% 321 0.6% 4
1972 79.0% 467 21.0% 124
1968 41.6% 250 33.4% 201 25.0% 150
1964 44.7% 294 55.3% 364
1960 45.1% 291 54.5% 352 0.5% 3
1956 61.5% 350 38.1% 217 0.4% 2
1952 59.0% 426 40.9% 295 0.1% 1
1948 29.4% 78 64.5% 171 6.0% 16
1944 31.0% 156 65.3% 329 3.8% 19
1940 24.2% 133 75.8% 417
1936 20.6% 84 79.4% 324
1932 21.7% 133 78.1% 479 0.2% 1
1928 80.7% 364 18.9% 85 0.4% 2
1924 38.6% 122 34.5% 109 26.9% 85
1920 35.5% 95 57.8% 155 6.7% 18
1916 24.4% 59 74.8% 181 0.8% 2
1912 18.4% 36 60.2% 118 21.4% 42

See also

Coordinates: 30°14′N 102°04′W / 30.23°N 102.07°W / 30.23; -102.07


This page was last updated at 2021-10-28 15:13 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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