Umatilla, Oregon

Umatilla, Oregon
Umatilla Marina, Umatilla Bridge, and McNary Dam
Umatilla Marina, Umatilla Bridge, and McNary Dam
Motto(s): 
Catch the vision
Location in Oregon
Location in Oregon
Coordinates: 45°55′2″N 119°20′33″W / 45.91722°N 119.34250°W / 45.91722; -119.34250Coordinates: 45°55′2″N 119°20′33″W / 45.91722°N 119.34250°W / 45.91722; -119.34250
CountryUnited States
StateOregon
CountyUmatilla
Incorporated1864
Government
 • MayorDaren Dufloth
Area
 • Total4.63 sq mi (11.99 km2)
 • Land4.42 sq mi (11.45 km2)
 • Water0.21 sq mi (0.54 km2)
Elevation322 ft (98 m)
Population
 • Total6,906
 • Estimate 
(2018[3])
7,171
 • Density1,562.4/sq mi (603.2/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (Pacific)
ZIP code
97882
Area code(s)541
FIPS code41-75650[2]
GNIS feature ID1128399[4]
Websitewww.umatilla-city.org

Umatilla (/ˌjuːməˈtɪlə/, YOO-mə-TIL) is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. It is named for the Umatilla River, which enters the Columbia River on the side of the city. The river is named after the Umatilla Tribe. The city is on the south side of the Columbia River along U.S. Route 730 and I-82.

The Umatilla Chemical Depot, and the Umatilla Chemical Agent Disposal Facility, is 6 miles (10 km) southwest of the city, northwest of the intersection of I-84 and I-82. The population in 2010 was 6,906, but the city's population includes approximately 2,000 inmates incarcerated at Two Rivers Correctional Institution.[5] Umatilla is also home to the only two strip clubs in Eastern Oregon; one of which is owned by the town's former Mayor.[6]

Umatilla is part of the Hermiston-Pendleton Micropolitan Statistical Area, but has the highest poverty rate (24%) and lowest Median Household Income ($38,796), of all communities in the area; trailing neighboring Hermiston in household income by nearly 23%.[7]

History

City hall in Umatilla, Oregon

The first Umatilla post office was established in September 1851 at the Umatilla Indian Agency about 5 miles (8 km) east of Pendleton, and discontinued in January 1852. This was before Timothy K. Davenport surveyed for a town site at the mouth of the Umatilla River in 1862. The site was first known as Umatilla Landing, then Umatilla City, then Columbia, then Umatilla City once again over the next year or so. Its post office was established in 1863 with Z. F. Moody as postmaster.[8]

Umatilla's earliest importance was as a trade and distribution center on the Columbia River, during the gold rush of the 1860s and 1870s in eastern Oregon. It remained a major commercial center until the 1880s when it withered before the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company.

In 1916 several women launched secret bids for local office, resulting in what has been called the Petticoat Revolution.

The Umatilla Chemical Depot opened in 1941, to prepare for World War II. The depot's mission was to store and maintain a variety of military items, from blankets to ammunition. The depot took on its chemical weapons storage mission in 1962. From 1990 to 1994 the facility reorganized in preparation for eventual closure, shipping all conventional ammunition and supplies to other installations. On October 25, 2011, the last barrel of HD mustard agent was destroyed and there is no longer a risk of chemical accident in Oregon and Washington.

Geography

Umatilla is 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Pendleton.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.63 square miles (11.99 km2), of which, 4.42 square miles (11.45 km2) is land and 0.21 square miles (0.54 km2) is water.[1]

Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Umatilla has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.[9]

Climate data for Umatilla
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 67
(19)
78
(26)
86
(30)
97
(36)
104
(40)
110
(43)
117
(47)
114
(46)
103
(39)
89
(32)
80
(27)
71
(22)
117
(47)
Average high °F (°C) 40
(4)
47.5
(8.6)
58.7
(14.8)
68.6
(20.3)
76.7
(24.8)
83.9
(28.8)
92.6
(33.7)
90.5
(32.5)
80.7
(27.1)
67
(19)
50.9
(10.5)
42.1
(5.6)
66.6
(19.2)
Average low °F (°C) 25.2
(−3.8)
28.9
(−1.7)
33.8
(1.0)
40.2
(4.6)
47
(8)
54
(12)
59.4
(15.2)
57.3
(14.1)
48.9
(9.4)
40.1
(4.5)
32.7
(0.4)
28.4
(−2.0)
41.3
(5.2)
Record low °F (°C) −23
(−31)
−23
(−31)
10
(−12)
20
(−7)
26
(−3)
32
(0)
36
(2)
37
(3)
25
(−4)
12
(−11)
−6
(−21)
−27
(−33)
−27
(−33)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.05
(27)
0.85
(22)
0.68
(17)
0.55
(14)
0.62
(16)
0.56
(14)
0.16
(4.1)
0.25
(6.4)
0.45
(11)
0.69
(18)
1.07
(27)
1.09
(28)
8.01
(203)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 3.9
(9.9)
2.1
(5.3)
0.2
(0.51)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0.8
(2.0)
1.1
(2.8)
8.2
(21)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 8 7 6 5 4 4 1 2 3 5 7 8 60
Source: [10]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
1870150
1880149−0.7%
1890118−20.8%
19001277.6%
191019855.9%
192039097.0%
1930345−11.5%
19403707.2%
1950883138.6%
1960617−30.1%
197067910.0%
19803,199371.1%
19903,046−4.8%
20004,97863.4%
20106,90638.7%
Est. 20187,171[11]3.8%
source:[12][13]

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 6,906 people, 1,634 households, and 1,215 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,562.4 inhabitants per square mile (603.2/km2). There were 1,766 housing units at an average density of 399.5 per square mile (154.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 70.1% White, 2.3% African American, 1.5% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 23.1% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 43.1% of the population.[2]

There were 1,634 households of which 50.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.15 and the average family size was 3.59.[2]

The median age in the city was 30.7 years. 26.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 35.6% were from 25 to 44; 20.2% were from 45 to 64; and 6.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 63.7% male and 36.3% female.[2]

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 4,978 people, 1,364 households, and 1,062 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,415.3 people per square mile (546.0/km²). There were 1,511 housing units at an average density of 429.6 per square mile (165.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 72.10% White, 2.69% African American, 1.35% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 21.49% from other races, and 1.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32.58% of the population.[2]

There were 1,364 households out of which 45.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.1% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 3.51.[2]

In the city, the population was spread out with 31.0% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 34.7% from 25 to 44, 16.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 137.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 157.3 males.[2]

The median income for a household in the city was $33,844, and the median income for a family was $32,969. Males had a median income of $28,500 versus $20,337 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,469. About 15.6% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.2% of those under age 18 and 21.1% of those age 65 or over.[2]

Economy

The city has seen some industrial investment in recent years through Amazon Web Service's data centers, however wages have stagnated[14]. The 2017 median household income in Umatilla of $38,796[15] represented a decline of 7.3% from 2010, and has fallen well behind nearby Hermiston at $50,694[16].The local economy is heavily reliant on agriculture and supporting services.[17] As of 2001, the five largest employers in Umatilla were the Two Rivers Correctional Institution, JM Manufacturing (polyvinyl chloride pipes), Gilroy Food (dehydrated onions), Boise Cascade (wood chips), and Oregon Rustic (pine furniture).[18]


See also

References

  1. ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-01-24. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
  3. ^ https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/umatillacityoregon/PST045218
  4. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  5. ^ "Population Estimates & Reports".
  6. ^ "Dufloth Chosen as Mayor". East Oregonian. May 1, 2017.
  7. ^ "American Fact Finder".
  8. ^ McArthur, Lewis A.; Lewis L. McArthur (2003) [1928]. Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 980. ISBN 0-87595-277-1.
  9. ^ "Umatilla, Oregon". Weatherbase. CantyMedia. Retrieved June 6, 2015.
  10. ^ "UMATILLA, OREGON (358734)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 15, 2015.
  11. ^ https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/umatillacityoregon/PST045218
  12. ^ Moffatt, Riley. Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990. Lanham: Scarecrow, 1996, 216.
  13. ^ "Subcounty population estimates: Oregon 2000-2007". United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2009-03-18. Archived from the original (CSV) on 2009-07-09. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
  14. ^ "Big data: Amazon's footprint expands in Eastern Oregon". East Oregonian.
  15. ^ "American Fact Finder". U.S. Census Bureau.
  16. ^ "American Fact Finder". U.S. Census Bureau.
  17. ^ Sorte, Bruce; et al. (November 2009). "Minimum parcel size for viable adaptive farms in Umatilla County: an economic analysis" (PDF). Oregon State University Extension Service and Agricultural & Resource Economics Department - Rural Studies Program. Retrieved August 17, 2011.
  18. ^ Infrastructure Finance Authority (2009). "Umatilla Community Profile". Business Oregon. Retrieved 2013-08-17.

External links


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